Wind power generation has gradually become huge with offshore wind turbines, and transportation, assembly, disassembly and handling of such huge rotor blades have become a major problem for operators. The highly durable thermoplastic foam and composite materials developed by Fraunhofer's researchers and industry experts not only reduce the weight of the blade but also make it recyclable. Due to its special properties, the new material is also suitable for other lightweight components in the automobile and other industries. Their first product will be presented at the 2016 Düsseldorf International Plastics and Rubber Fair from October 19th to 26th.

wind power

Legend: Rotor blade made of thermoplastic sandwich material.

Nowadays, there is an unabated trend for offshore wind farms to become larger. In order to maximize energy production, the length of the rotor blades of the wind turbine is 80 meters, and the diameter of the rotor exceeds 160 meters. Since the length of the blade is limited by its weight, it is necessary to develop high-strength lightweight system materials. The low weight not only makes the wind turbine easy to assemble and disassemble, but also improves the stability at sea. In the European Union's WALiD (Highly Cost-Effective, Advanced Design of Lightweight Wind Blades) project, scientists at the Fraunhofer Institute of Chemical Technology (ICT) in Pfinztal worked closely with ten industrial and research teams on lightweight rotor blades the design of. They hope to reduce the weight of the blade by improving the design and materials, thereby increasing its service life.

Thermoplastics are replacing thermoset materials

At present, the rotor blades of wind turbines are mainly hand-made thermosetting resin systems. However, because the system materials are difficult to melt, it is difficult to recover materials. The best case is to recycle granular thermoset plastic waste and use it as a filler for some simple applications. Florian Rapp, project coordinator of FraunhoferICT, said: "In the WALiD project, we are pursuing a new blade design. We are realizing the conversion of material categories and using thermoplastic rotor blades for the first time. The meltability of thermoplastics helps We use automated production equipment for effective processing." Their goal is to separate glass and carbon fiber to achieve the reuse of thermoplastic matrix materials.

The project team used a sandwich material made of thermoplastic foam and fiber-reinforced plastic to manufacture the outer shell of the rotor blade and certain parts of the internal support structure. Generally, the area where the rotor blade bears the greatest load uses carbon fiber reinforced thermoplastics, and the less stressed portion uses glass fiber reinforced plastics. As for the core of the sandwich, Rapp and his team are developing thermoplastic foam and connecting it with a cover layer made of fiber-reinforced thermoplastic. This combination improves the mechanical strength, efficiency, durability and life of the rotor blade. Rapp's words: "We are breaking new ground with thermoplastic foam."

New uses for lightweight construction materials

The performance of ICT's thermoplastic foam is superior to that of the existing material system, which enables it to have new applications in the automotive, aviation, and marine industries. For example, the goggles and seats of the vehicle are made of foam, but the structure that bears the load cannot be made of foam. The foam currently on the market has some problems. For example, due to the poor thermal stability of the foam, no foam insulation is installed near the engine. Rapp said: "In contrast, our fusible plastic foams are thermally stable and are suitable for use as insulating materials to be placed close to the engine. They have good high temperature resistance. Among them, expanded polystyrene foam (EPS) and Polypropylene foam (EPP) is a good example. The enhanced mechanical properties also make them useful for door modules or as a strengthening element for sandwich composites. "They can be processed quickly and save materials.

Another advantage is that thermoplastic foams such as cork are easier to obtain than renewable sandwich core materials. These new materials are made in the institute’s foam extrusion workshop. Rapp’s explanation of the process is: “After the plastic particles are melted, the foaming agent is mixed into the polymer melt to foam the material. Next, these foamed, stable particles and semi-finished products can be molded and cut on demand.” In the field of foamed polymers, the ICT foam technology research team covers the entire thermoplastic foam production chain from material development and the manufacture of extruded foam particles and semi-finished products to the completion of process media and components.

At the Düsseldorf International Plastics and Rubber Expo held from October 19th to 26th, 2016, researchers will showcase micro wind turbines made of new foam and composite materials. Participants can see the exhibits (Exhibit No. SC01) in the Fraunhofer booth in Hall 7.

On September 26, Liu Gangqiang, deputy general manager of the company and secretary of the Party Working Committee of the Eurasian Regional Headquarters, led a team to have close talks with the Safir Group and financing institutions. EPC contract for the 150MW wind power project in Rickenpoort.

Signing contract for the Tricken Poston project in Pakistan

Project Introduction

The project is another major contract signed by PowerChina in the new energy sector in Pakistan. It is signed under the HYDROCHINA brand. The total installed capacity of the project is 150MW, and 87 GE1.7MW wind turbines are used. The financing party is the International Finance Corporation (IFC), Islamic Bank (IDB), etc. The project site is located in Jhampir District, Sindh Province, Karachi, Pakistan, which is a demonstration base for Pakistan's concentrated development of wind power.

Project significance

Since entering the new energy field in Pakistan in 2012, PowerChina has been steadily and steadily. While actively localizing, it has promoted project signing with good performance. The Tricken Poston 150MW wind power project is the seventh wind power project undertaken by the group in Pakistan. So far, the Power Construction Group has signed a wind power project EPC contract in Pakistan with a total installed capacity of 480MW, and invested in the construction of a 50MW Dawo wind power project. In total, it will provide Pakistani people with 530MW of clean wind power, accounting for more than 60% of the market share, and becoming Pakistan’s wind power sector. Top brand.

Aerial photo of the construction of the coal-fired power station in Qasim PowerChina entered Pakistan in 1987. After the establishment of PowerChina International in March 2016, it established a representative office of PowerChina International in Pakistan. After more than 20 years, it has accumulated rich market experience and project management. experience. POWERCHINA has unswervingly implemented the national "One Belt One Road" strategy and has participated deeply in the construction of the China-Pakistan Economic Corridor, including researching and compiling the energy planning of the China-Pakistan Economic Corridor and Punjab Province, and investing in the development of the first batch of cassies in the China-Pakistan Economic Corridor. Mugang coal-fired power station and Dawo wind power project, undertook the construction of a series of priority implementation projects of the China-Pakistan Economic Corridor such as the Sahiwal Thermal Power Station. Effectively promote the implementation of key projects, actively fulfill social responsibilities, and provide more services for Pakistan's economic and social development and the improvement of Pakistani people's living standards.

Panoramic view of Pakistan's Dawo Wind Power Project Pakistan's Dawo Wind Power Investment Project is the first Chinese investment project in the first batch of 14 projects in the "China-Pakistan Economic Corridor Priority Construction Project" list to complete financing and close and start construction. It is also the overseas investment of Power China The first new energy project landed. The construction of the project started on March 30, 2015. The construction of the project has been completed. After the live test is completed, the Dawo project is expected to enter commercial operation at the end of October 2016.

The Ministry of Commerce recently held a regular press conference. The spokesperson of the Ministry of Commerce, Shen Danyang, answered and elaborated on the issue of a 30% drop in my country’s photovoltaic products exports to Europe in the first half of the year and the two important economic and trade ministerial meetings in mid-October. .

There is no obstacle to the acquisition of Chinese companies by foreign companies

Some Japanese media recently reported that three groups in the Japanese business community recently submitted proposals to the Ministry of Commerce of China to improve the business environment during their visit to China. At the same time, it is required to clarify the applicable standards of the Anti-Monopoly Law to prevent overseas companies from being improperly hindered in acquiring Chinese companies.

Shen Danyang responded. On September 22, Vice Minister Gao Yan of the Ministry of Commerce met with the visiting Japanese economic delegation and held discussions with them. They exchanged in-depth views on Sino-Japanese economic and trade relations, focusing on the Olympic economy, e-commerce, logistics, and Cooperation and exchanges were conducted in a wide range of fields such as health care, improvement of the business environment, and development of third-party markets. Japanese economic leaders spoke highly of the positive role played by the Ministry of Commerce in advancing China-Japan economic and trade cooperation, saying that China is Japan’s neighbor and irreplaceable partner by a strip of water. In recent years, China has vigorously promoted streamlining administration and decentralization, and increased violations of intellectual property rights The business environment has improved significantly. The Japanese side also made suggestions for further improving the business environment.

Shen Danyang said that China introduced specific policies and measures for continuing to expand opening up, and responded to the Japanese proposal from the perspective of further strengthening China-Japan economic and trade cooperation, improving the investment environment, and providing better services for foreign-invested enterprises. "I hope relevant media will report this objectively and responsibly, and create a good atmosphere for the strengthening of cooperation between the economic circles of the two countries."

He reiterated that China’s policy of welcoming and attracting foreign investment has not changed. It insists on treating all types of market entities equally in the anti-monopoly review of operator concentration and treating all types of market entities equally. The same standards are applied regardless of the form, size and place of registration of the enterprise. The issue of setting obstacles to overseas companies acquiring Chinese companies.

The vast majority of Chinese photovoltaic companies comply with the EU agreement

In August of this year, the European Union successively withdrew the qualifications for price commitments of 8 Chinese photovoltaic companies, resulting in as many as 16 Chinese photovoltaic companies that have been "exited". In the first half of this year, my country's exports of photovoltaic products to Europe fell sharply by 30%.

In this regard, Shen Danyang said that from June 2015 to August 2016, the European Commission cancelled the price commitment qualifications of 16 photovoltaic companies in my country in seven times. However, the vast majority of Chinese companies still retain their qualifications for price commitments, and 105 companies are still within the scope of price commitments. Even among the 16 "exited" companies, 4 of them applied for withdrawal voluntarily, and 12 companies were suspected of violating the price commitment agreement. For some companies that violate the agreement, China supports the handling of the agreement in accordance with the provisions of the agreement, which is not tolerant or tolerant.

He also pointed out that there are still some problems with the implementation of price commitments. The main reason is that the minimum price under the price commitment has seriously deviated from the market level price, and new situations such as the inability to fully predict the business model when negotiating and signing agreements have emerged. It is hoped that the European side will make appropriate adjustments to the minimum price level according to the current market conditions, and create conditions for the continued and stable implementation of the price commitments in a reasonable manner.

Speaking of the reasons for the decline in China's photovoltaic exports to the EU, Shen Danyang said that the main reason for the gradual cancellation of incentive policies for photovoltaic applications in EU member states has caused severe market shrinkage, leading to a decline in export volume and export prices of Chinese companies. The EU market has fallen from a peak of 22.4GW (GW) of photovoltaic installed capacity in 2011 to 8GW in 2015. In 2015, within the scope of price commitments, China exported 3.46GW to the EU, worth 1.785 billion euros.

The commercial construction of free trade zones in the BRICS countries is an important form of pragmatic cooperation

Shen Danyang also answered relevant topics of two important economic and trade ministerial meetings in mid-October.

Speaking of the 6th BRICS Economic and Trade Ministers’ Meeting held in India on October 13, Shen Danyang said that the BRICS Economic and Trade Ministers’ Meeting is expected to focus on intellectual property rights, non-tariff measures, trade promotion, trade in services, and SMEs. , Single Window and other aspects have achieved cooperation results. During the meeting, the first trade fair of the BRICS countries will also be held. "In the preparations for this meeting, China did not raise the issue of negotiating free trade agreements with other BRICS countries, but there are indeed many experts in academia and industry who have initiatives in this regard. The establishment of a free trade zone is an important form of practical cooperation between BRICS countries. In the long run, the BRICS countries can open their markets to each other, eliminate tariffs and non-tariff barriers, actively exert their comparative advantages, and further improve the level of trade and investment liberalization. Achieving complementary advantages, mutual benefit and win-win results will help promote common development and effectively promote South-South cooperation on a global scale."

When talking about the 15th meeting of economic and trade ministers of SCO member states held in Kyrgyzstan in mid-October, Shen Danyang introduced that the meeting of economic and trade ministers will focus on discussing and adopting the "2017-2021 SCO Further Promotion of Project Cooperation List of Measures" and will be submitted to the SCO Prime Ministers' Meeting in November for approval. The list will cover dozens of measures and projects in ten fields including trade and investment, finance, customs, agriculture, science and technology, information and telecommunications, environmental protection, and transportation infrastructure. This is the "Five-Year Plan" for the SCO's comprehensive regional economic cooperation, which will guide the SCO's sustainable development in all areas of regional economic cooperation in the next five years.

Regarding the new problems faced after production restriction, the National Development and Reform Commission stated that China’s coal supply oversupply trend has not fundamentally changed, and the “276-day” coal production restriction policy must still be strictly implemented.

Recently, coal prices have continued to rise, and local supplies have become tight, and some downstream companies are facing greater pressure. At the end of September, the National Development and Reform Commission successively launched the secondary and primary response mechanisms, increasing coal production capacity to 500,000 tons per working day.

The assistance triggered the relevant person in charge of the Operation Bureau of the Reform Commission to say that in July, August and the first 20 days of September, the rapid rise of coal supply and demand caused the supply and demand of coal to shift from a basic balance to tight supply in some areas in a relatively short period of time, and the market coal price appeared to rise faster. momentum.

The person in charge said that for the current new situation, from the perspective of demand, it is not caused by rigid demand growth; from the perspective of supply, it is not lack of supply capacity, but actively regulating production capacity.

As for the way to solve the problem, he said that the way is very clear, that is, to release part of the safe and efficient advanced production capacity in an orderly manner and increase the production capacity appropriately. Eligible coal mines can release production capacity within 276 to 330 working days, and coal mines that are not involved in the release of production capacity must still strictly implement the 276 working day system.

The following is the full text of the Q&A from the China Economic Herald's interview with the relevant person in charge of the Operation Bureau of the Development and Reform Commission:

Recently, the National Development and Reform Commission has adopted appropriate fine-tuning policies to stabilize coal prices and supply in response to the excessively rapid rise of market coal prices and tight local supplies. So, what causes coal prices to rise and local supplies are tight? How should we view and solve this problem? ... On this topic, a reporter from China Economic Herald interviewed the relevant person in charge of the National Development and Reform Commission's Operation Bureau.

One question: Why is there currently a situation of rising coal prices and tight local supply?

Relevant person in charge of the Operation Bureau: From January to August, the country withdrew from 152 million tons of coal production capacity, reduced production control capacity by about 600 million tons, and achieved obvious results in the control of illegal coal mine construction and production, over-capacity production, and low-quality coal production. Output fell by 10.2% year-on-year, and the situation of oversupply in the market was changed. This is not only the original intention of overcapacity reduction, but also the inevitable result of overcapacity reduction. It fully demonstrates that the decision of the Party Central Committee and the State Council to resolve excess production capacity in the coal industry is completely correct.

Since July, most areas of the country have continued to have high temperatures and low rains. Electricity consumption for air-conditioning has increased significantly, hydropower output has decreased significantly, and thermal power production has increased significantly. In July, August, and the first 20 days of September, thermal power increased by 4.8%, 7.3%, and 12.9% year-on-year, and thermal coal increased by 2.7%, 6.7%, and 14% year-on-year, resulting in a basic balance between coal supply and demand in a relatively short period of time. Shifting to tight supply in some regions. The market coal price has shown a momentum of accelerating rise. In June, the price of 5500 kcal thermal coal at Qinhuangdao Port increased by 10 yuan/ton, 30 yuan/ton in July, 65 yuan/ton in August, and 70 yuan/ton since September. The current price is 565 yuan/ton. An increase of 195 yuan/ton at the beginning of the year. The coal supply of power plants, steel mills and other companies in individual regions has been tight.

Question 2: How do you view the current coal price rise and local tight supply?

Relevant person in charge of the operation bureau: First, we must attach great importance to it. The improvement in the relationship between coal supply and demand is the original intention and inevitable result of capacity reduction. A moderate rise in coal prices will help improve the business environment and promote the healthy development of the industry. However, we must avoid irrational price increases and tight coal supply. The negative effects of excessive price increases are manifold. The first is to encourage irrational behavior of enterprises. Some small coal mines may take the opportunity to resume production and impact the normal production order. The second is to increase pressure on downstream users, which is not conducive to the harmonious development of upstream and downstream industries. If coal prices continue to rise, it will inevitably trigger the coal-electricity price linkage mechanism. The third is to make it difficult for the country to implement macro-control and coordinate the implementation of the "three removals, one reduction and one supplement" task, which interferes with the overall situation of overcapacity reduction.

It should be pointed out that there must be no problems with the supply of coal, especially the supply of electric coal. Coal is connected to downstream power production, gas supply, and residential heating, and is related to the national economy and people's livelihood. In particular, it has entered a critical period of preparing for winter coal storage. The northeast region is approaching the winter heating period. Ensuring a stable supply of coal is related to stable economic operation and social stability, and there is no room for accidents. All parties concerned must attach great importance to the new conditions and new trends in the current coal market. While doing a solid job in reducing overcapacity, they must take prompt and effective measures to accelerate the release of qualified safe, efficient and advanced production capacity to promote stable market supply and restrain The price of coal is rising too fast, creating a good environment for smoothly promoting capacity reduction.

Second, the problem can be solved, and it can be solved quickly. From a demand perspective, the current new situations and problems are not caused by rigid demand growth. Coal consumption still fell by 3.1% in the first eight months. From a supply perspective, it is not lack of supply capacity, but proactive control of production capacity. The production capacity of about 1 billion tons controlled by reducing production and curbing illegal and illegal construction can be released conditionally and orderly according to changes in market demand. Therefore, we are fully equipped and able to quickly address structural problems in the supply and take response measures to ensure that the coal supply and demand situation is basically stable.

Third, the problem must be resolved, and the government must play its role effectively under the premise of following the laws of the market economy. Some companies believe that the government should not interfere with coal prices now that they should play the role of the market. Two points need to be explained: First, behind the price increase, it reflects the adjustment of supply and demand from quantitative change to qualitative change, which is a major problem of hard gaps in supply; second, if it is not the implementation of policy measures to reduce capacity and control output, supply and demand Noodles will not improve so quickly, and coal prices will hardly pick up in the short term.

Three questions: How to solve this problem?

Relevant person in charge of the Operation Bureau: The method has been very clear, that is, to release part of the safe and efficient advanced production capacity in an orderly manner and increase the production capacity appropriately.

First, the release subjects specifically include: according to the relevant documents of the National Development and Reform Commission, the advanced production coal mines assessed by the China Coal Industry Association; the 2015 first-level safety and quality standardized coal mines announced by the National Coal Mine Safety Supervision Bureau; and local declarations to the China Coal Industry Association Safe and efficient coal mines. This does not include coal and gas "double outbursts", rock bursts and other coal mines with serious disasters, high safety risks, and uncertain safety; considering the actual needs of coal types and restrictions on transportation distances for specific users, it is difficult for the above entities to effectively undertake capacity adjustments In terms of tasks, some coal-producing provinces (autonomous regions, municipalities) can select a few coal mines from the second-level safety and quality standardized coal mines in 2015, and then incorporate them into the scope of capacity adjustment enterprises after filing.

Coal mines that meet the above conditions can release production capacity between 276 and 330 working days. Coal mines that do not participate in the release of production capacity must still strictly implement the 276 working day system.

Second, the release period. In order to effectively guarantee the need for coal for heating, gas supply and power generation production this winter and next spring, the production capacity release period is tentatively scheduled from October 1, 2016 to December 31, 2016. During implementation, the release implementation and suspension dates will be determined according to market supply and demand. Relevant regions can make specific arrangements for the above dates according to the local coal supply and demand situation.

Third, the level of regulation. Implement hierarchical implementation and orderly organize capacity release. Adopt two levels of central and local regulation. At the national level, the National Development and Reform Commission, the National Energy Administration, and the National Coal Mine Safety Supervision Bureau continue to entrust the China Coal Industry Association to further release advanced production capacity in accordance with the requirements of the plan to stabilize coal supply and restrain coal prices. Supply and demand of coal.

At the local level, relevant coal-producing provinces (autonomous regions and municipalities) should promptly formulate a capacity release plan based on the needs of the local market to balance the capacity, clarify the names of coal mines participating in capacity release and regulate the number of capacity and output. The implementation will be launched before September 30 and reported. Inter-ministerial joint meeting office for the record.

In addition, by promptly promoting the linkage of increase and decrease, guide the construction of coal mines to be put into production in an orderly manner in accordance with laws and regulations. Relevant regions should promote the construction of coal mines in accordance with the requirements of the relevant documents of the National Development and Reform Commission and other three departments to implement production capacity replacement indicators and sign increases and decreases linked agreements. For newly-built coal mines that have implemented production capacity replacement targets within the specified time (including replenishment procedures for unapproved coal mines), the closing time requirements for exiting coal mines are appropriately relaxed, and new coal mines can be put into production before the capacity replacement coal mines are closed.

Four questions: Can such adjustment work?

Relevant person in charge of the Operation Bureau: In response to the continuous increase in coal prices at the previous stage, the National Development and Reform Commission, the Energy Administration, the Coal Mine Safety Supervision Bureau, and the Coal Industry Association have studied and formulated a plan for stabilizing coal supply and restraining coal prices from rising too fast in August. In early September, combined with changes in the market situation, a secondary response to the plan was launched, releasing approximately 300,000 tons of production capacity per day. In late September, it increased its efforts to initiate a first-level response, which could release 500,000 tons of production capacity per day. From the perspective of implementation effects, coal reserves in power plants and ports have risen. As of the end of September, 56 million tons of coal were stored in key power plants across the country, an increase of 5.3 million tons or 10.4% from the end of the previous month, and it can be used for 17 days. There was 3.17 million tons of coal in Qinhuangdao Port, an increase of 550,000 tons or 21% from the end of last month.

Taking into account factors such as the current low season of coal consumption, the decline in coal consumption in the key coal industry during the "11th" holiday, and the increase in production capacity, the next step, the relationship between coal supply and demand will tend to ease, and prices are expected to stabilize or fall slightly.

Five questions: Why should we persist in 276 working days without wavering?

Relevant person in charge of the Operation Bureau: At present, the trend of severe overcapacity and oversupply of coal in my country has not fundamentally changed. On the one hand, demand is negative growth. Since 2014, coal demand has continued to decline, with a decrease of 3.4% and 4.9% in 2014 and 2015 respectively, and a decrease of 3.1% in the first eight months of this year. In the coming period, the intensity of energy consumption will decline, especially with the rapid development of renewable energy and clean energy, the coal market demand will hardly have room for absolute growth. The total energy consumption in 2020 is expected to be less than 5 billion tons of standard coal, and coal consumption is at most 4.1 billion tons. On the other hand, the existing and potential production capacity is huge. The 800 million tons of production capacity of coal mines under construction will be gradually released. After the illegal coal mines complete the procedures, 600 million tons of production capacity will be released. It will take three years or more to complete the task of reducing production capacity of 800 million tons during the "13th Five-Year Plan" period.

Therefore, the 276 working day system is an important regulatory measure and a capacity reservoir for the coal industry to resolve excess capacity in the “Opinions of the State Council on Resolving Excessive Capacity in the Coal Industry and Realizing Difficulty Development” (Guo Fa [2016] No. 7). It must be strictly enforced without wavering.